Theme In A Raison In The Sun free essay sample

Essay, Research Paper Subject in the A Raisin in the Sun There are many subjects in A Raisin in the Sun. The this drama was written by, an African American, Lorraine Hansberry. The three subjects that stood out when I read the drama were ; household values, money International Relations and Security Network? T everything, life in poorness. The first and, I feel, most of import was the subject of household values. It was mentioned a batch how household values are passed on through coevalss. For illustration Mama was ever stating what her hubby was similar and what he would make. Family values were shown to be really strong in when it comes down to it. For illustration when Walter had that cat come over so that he could take the money but Walter ended up stating him to go forth. Mama was normally the 1 who reminded her household of the values they needed to express and follow. For illustration how she ever told Walter how to handle his married woman or how he told Beneatha ad Walter to halt reasoning so much. The following most of import, I think, is that money International Relations and Security Network? T everything. Family is more of import than money. Walter was traveling to take the money from the adult male for the house but decides that the felicity of his household is more of import than the money. Because money won? T last. For illustration Walter had all that money invested in the liquor thing and so it all got taken away but his household and the love from his household was still at that place. Besides money won? T be at that place when you need a shoulder to shout on or when you need person to speak to. For illustration when Walter loses all that money Mama amenitiess him and makes him believe it? s OK that the money? s gone. Another one of the major subjects is populating life in poorness. Populating life in poorness sometimes makes you frustrated and will do you move ill-mannered and objectionable with other people, including your household. For illustration when Walter started speaking about non holding any money he argued and yelled at this married woman, Ruth. Poverty can do you emphasize some of the more of import things in life. For illustration Mama may to hold much money before the heritage but she still stresses household values. Poverty ca do you covetous of what other people have. For illustration Walter is ever stating that he wants hour had money and a shop and the nice things that, rich, white people hold. The three subjects that stood out when I read the drama were ; household values, money International Relations and Security Network? T everything, life in poorness. All these issues are relevant in today? s society. This narrative is based on life in society and how life is, hence, the points and subjects it brings out are really closely related to the society of today.

The Role of Master in Commercial Law to Ship Operations for transportations of Goods by Seas. The WritePass Journal

The Role of Master in Commercial Law to Ship Operations for transportations of Goods by Seas. Introduction The Role of Master in Commercial Law to Ship Operations for transportations of Goods by Seas. IntroductionQ 1.Q.2Q.3BIBLIOGRAPHY: References fromRelated Introduction Q 1. As a Common Carrier the ship Owners/Master are absolutely responsible for the safe carriage of the Goods and for the delivery of a same, without un-reasonable delay, at the destination in the same Apparent Order and a Condition as was received. The contractual obligations of the Carrier, where in the an Owner/Master are responsible under the various governing Charter Party Terms and conditions would a be obliged to comply with the clauses of Carriage of a Goods under COGSA 71/92, Hague-Visby Rules. Lay can (Lay time and Cancellation)   it is the period where lay days commencement and a cancellation for an agreed terms and conditions of Cargo/Goods Transportation by Sea. Demurrage  Ã‚     is the monetary value payable to the owner of the ship for any delay or extra time the vessel would be kept under the charter for which the owner is not responsible in loading and/or discharging operation after the lay time period. On demurrage will mean that the lay time has expired and unless the charter party has at expressly provide to the contrary the time on demurrage will not be a subject to the lay time exceptions. Once on demurrage always on demurrage clause may apply. ‘’Reference from notes page 2 STC’’ Dispatch   it is the charges paid by the owner of the ship to the charter, a usually half of the demurrage rate, could be called as an incentive for a charterer to load and discharge faster a than lay time allowance. ‘’Reference from notes page 3 stc’’ ‘’Owners are obliged to exercise due a diligence to ensure that she is an sea worthy vessel at all the times of’’ As per the a Hague-Visby rules Article III with respect to the liability and responsibilities compensation the carrier is bound through out the voyage to an exercise of due diligence to make the vessel sea worthy and properly equipped, a manned and supply in stores the ship requires and the cargo spaces would be made fit for Cargo reception, a carriage and delivery. And as per the Article IV it states that a if the carrier is un liable for the loss or the damage resulting or arising due to un-sea worthiness at en-route unless caused by want of due diligence on the part of carrier to a make the accident in manner confronting with the of conditions. In paragraph 1 of Article III of â€Å"any damage or loss resulted from un-sea worthiness the burden of proving the exercise of due diligence will a be up to the carrier or those persons claiming exemption an under this article â€Å"college notes reference’ Reference from college notes page 1 , 2010 â€Å"carriage of goods by sea en acted 1971 and amended there on, applies to any contract, for COGSA in ships from a UK port which provides for the issue of a OBL or similar document of Title; any OBL’s if contract in or evidence by it expressly provides that the amended HRV shall govern the contract; any non-negotiable receipt, marked, if it expressly provides that the rules are to govern the contract as were an OBL†. â€Å" Article X says rules apply to every bill of lading relating to the carriage of goods between ports in two different states if, the bill is issued in a contracting state or; the carriage is from a port in contracting state; the contract contained in or evidence by the bill provides that the rules, or legislation of any state giving effect to them, are to govern the contract, whatever may be the nationality of the ship, the carrier, the shipper, the consignee, or any other interested person†. College notes Reference: hand out, STC â€Å"English law relating to bills of lading, rights and/or duties of the carrier, S1 (2) COGSA 1971 gives the force of a law to the HVR, as appended to the Act. Burden of proof un-seaworthiness – claimant as to a lack of seaworthiness of vessel at the relevant time (damage to cargo is prima facie evidence) claimant that un-seaworthiness a was proximate cause for damage to the goods, a rather than excluded peril. Carrier as to damage caused by excluded peril at sea. Carrier has duty of to due diligence had been fulfilled as per Article IV (1) HVR, carrier can a still claim ‘limitation of liability†Ã¢â‚¬  Rotterdam rule, Hamburg rule, Hague rules, review into HVR, a Hamburg rules would be applicable if Bill lading issued in the port of a contracting states Article X (a) as mentioned in the contracting agreement. In this case, the carrier because of a malfunction of statutory equipment probably makes the ship un sea worthy and henceforth the subjugated carrier liability and therefore there was a   breach of a contractual carriage under COGSA therefore vessel will be held liable responsible under Hague-Visby Rules III for damage of goods in clause. A Bills of lading in Original (OBL’) with out an endorsement by ship, the OBL now is a clean which entitles   a benefit or privilege to shipper receivers that goods are in good condition and same to delivered at the discharge port. The issue of clean OBL allows the charter/ receiver to pursue a claim against the carrier for the rusty pipes, and/or short landing of the cargo, because OBL are not appropriately remarked or re-written now says the cargo that is to be discharge at the Korean port would be in good condition, as per clean OBL’. LOI does not have court of law sustained. The G/C vessel Master should have brought Steel Pipes stained matter to the attention of the owner immediately, but his neglect or over look, has this mitigate in owners profit, restricts the ship owner from claiming any protection against the loss with respect to claim of the cargo which may arise. The master of the ship should have with due diligence requested the owner for a separate or independent surveyor to inspect the cargo loading operation. This could have saved the ship owner from the claims at future stages as legal aspects are taken care. Or the second option was the master should have clause the OBL, or should have recorded that the cargo was rusted supported, his statement with photographic evidence or note of protest with proofs and witness statement with letter of protest by Telex informing all parties concerned. During the survey at Port of Refugee (whilst Dry Docking) un seaworthiness were proved as vessel sailed with the Radar equipment not working, as per the SOLAS and the certification of statutory requirement this clearly indicates that the master and the owner choose not shown due diligence for compliance regulations. Company and master knew about the faulty Radar and in the later part one of the probable reason resulting in collision with container ship, the un seaworthiness of own ship may   deny the owner from General Average contribution from the owners of the cargo, if any jettison of undertaken, under P n I, H M covers. The container vessel which was short manned would also be under scanner before claims for as the both the vessels would to be blamed for the incidence that took place. The owners will be subject to the claims from the receivers/charterers, and both the vessels to be blamed for the accident and claim from ship owners been taken up and such claims for the damages from either ends and the case is in Arbitration for resolve and insurers. Reference from: The shipmasters business companion- Malcolm Mac Lachlan, 2004 edition Commercial Management Shipmasters- Robert L. Q.2 â€Å"Salvage involves the provision of services to maritime property in danger that result in the saving or partial saving of that property thus entitling the provider to a reward. Works under common law, statutory law, contract law† reference from hand out STC page 1 of 2010 â€Å"page 5 two types of agreement , one services rendered on the basis of ordinary tariff, fixed amount, daily rate, second is services rendered on the basis that remuneration will be settled later, whether by agreement or arbitration or court. LOF 2000, salvor may use SCOPIC clause, this agreement is made in easy manner, not likely to be disputed, no cure no pay, English Law applies, salvor will be awarded, underwriters liability can not be increased beyond that for total loss, excessive claims by salvors avoided. General Average â€Å"there is a GA when, and only when, any extraordinary sacrifice or expenditure is intentionally and reasonably made or incurred for the common safety for the purpose of preserving from peril the property involved in a common maritime adventure’’ reference from college notes STC page 2010 The jettison cargo on Container ship, sacrifice was intentional for preserving the property therefore she is eligible for General Average, the cost of the lost, damaged cargo claimed from the insurer as per prior agreed terms. Hull and Machinery will cover the loss incurred of the hull damaged which was caused because of collision if and so, as is an un intentional act and will come under Particular Average. If the master of both the ships have taken reasonable precautions then it would have been sufficient to mitigate the losses the ship owner. The company would have loss incurred due to salvage under LOF or daily hire, General   Average as far as it complies with clause, HM and P+I insurers would cover only their parts they are agreed upon. Where as the evidences has proved that the container vessel sailed in seaworthy condition but a day before the accident of their Sec/officer was evacuated on medical grounds and made short manned, which was un foreseen or un planned. This short manning has caused fatigue and might be resulted in the non compliance of STCW 95 chapter VIII and require to have an exemption certificate copy onboard prior arrival next port. Both the vessel has to exchange the particular information as per MSA 95 sec 92. Duty of ship to assist the other in case of collision. If Owner/master proves that she has exercised due diligence, will be paid by the cargo insurers of the shipper and if she has not done the same then will lieu under PA and the cargo insurer will be claimed against by the shipper cargo specific damage/ lost cargo who in turn will claim the same from the from P+I Swedish club or from the ship owner and the hull damage, will be covered by is 3/4th RDC by HM , and 1/4th by P+I reference from college handout Particular Average (PA) Losses caused by accident are said to lie where they fall viz., the owner of the property bears the loss, though cargo owners have right against carriers. Protection and Indemnity insurance provides their ship owners and charterers members with incident and claims handling services through a world wide network of correspondent. P and I clubs are those non profits making organization which is a joint venture between shipping companies; it offers the ship owners the coverage against the risks which are not covered by the Hull and Machinery. Hull and Machinery under writers under marine insurance act 1906 the principle would be insurable interest, utmost good faith, proximate cause, indemnity, subrogation. Insurance covers the hull and machinery of the insured ship against certain peril, clause as ‘inchmaree’ viz., peril of the sea, piracy, fire, 3/4th of run down clause, the ship owners proportion of salvage, ship owners contribution of GA. Q.3 Reference notes commercial management page 28 ‘‘Salvage in marine is a method used for rescuing a vessel, goods, or any ship property from peril. It encompasses rescue towing, re-floating a incident prone boat, or repairing a vessel, environmental protection as main motto due to from cargos’’. The positive aspects of LOF2000, it is a No Cure No Pay agreement and is not likely to be disputed and the disputes will be referred to arbitration. Negative point is could end up expensive. Time factor put the master in an defensive position or puts him in hesitant position to make a decision, so considering the safety of crew, environment, inform the owners and can go ahead with the LOF, where agreement can be sort by phone/vhf as well. In view of the incident the master of general cargo ship choose the LOF, which could be considered as a Right move for this scenario. And save a lot of time and further catastrophes. This has increase the percentage of positive out come in sights of crew safety and environment hazard, and property loss. Since own vessel due to collision had severe damage to hull and ingress of water. There was immediate requirement of assistance as there was threat to life, environment and property and limited time for negotiations/bargains. Vessels owner to be kept posted with all the developments by the masters of both vessels, while under salvage / towage. The container vessels decision to go for Daily hire is the probable most best suited towage option could be choose as her extent of damage is minor and had reasonable time for negotiations and select the best established salvor to have a safe operation. All entry formalities to be considered prior arrival to the port of refuge namely, Agents, Customs, Immigrations, PSC, P+I, Quarantine, ISPS, with all possible evidence regarding the incident. MAIB would be informed within 24 hours of arrival to port. Both the vessels were taken to port of refuge, and after a thorough inspection of repairs carry out the class and insurers would be issuing an interim certificate. All the necessary information of ship to send to the Owner and the Insurance company. Complete all the out ward clearance port formalities. Vessel’s can sail to the port of destination. BIBLIOGRAPHY: References from a) STC handout and materials b) The shipmasters business companion- Malcolm Mac Lachlana, 4th Ed 2004 c) Commercial Management Shipmasters- Robert L. tallacka. d) Shipping law by Chlorey Giless (8th edition) e) Business and Law for the Shipmasters by F.N.Hopkinns (7th edition). f) www.marine-salvage.com; marineclaimsconference.com/2010/index.html g) www.sailor today.com/maib.com

Project Modelling and Decision Methods Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Project Modelling and Decision Methods - Essay Example The approach is primarily to evaluate property realistically of a specific location. In this exercise, we capture the trends in the past, make relevant assumptions of the future, address some challenges that can be foreseen and arrive at a conclusion. The simulation and the spread sheet model rationalize the decision and support the analysis to strengthen the reasoning behind potential investments and an assessment of the associated risks, if any. This paper applies structural methodology to estimating and forecasting the Central London office market. We assemble a time series covering for over a decade and estimate equations for net space absorption, movements in rents, and new building orders and other facilities along with new flourishing businesses. We also estimate a typical supply and demand relationship that yields a dynamically stable system. A spreadsheet model is an effective instrument for quantitative estimates based on a specific framework. The excel sheet embedded in this article is an illustrative version for capturing similar data for any property identified with required criteria in the prime location of Central London. While it a conscious decision not to engage in advanced computerization as it is not a pre-requisite, but ideally one of the outcomes of good asset management. The spreadsheet model suggested here is a methodological tool for understanding and improving the assessor's ability to consider all factors in Real Estate Project Modeling and deriving decisions accordingly which will also facilitate the process of financial planning and expectations. The logic of the framework and the attached spreadsheet model is fairly simple and follows the approach tested and used by Project owners. At the very outset, we should make quantified entry assumptions about parameters that define the total cost of office p roperty in Central Location. The model calculates the estimated cost and the anticipated returns. The key assumptions cover the following: Various costs per unit (such as land acquisition price per square feet, construction cost per square feet, costs of various furniture pieces, etc.) Space needed for Office Equipment and furniture required Costs of each component (Furniture, Total capital cost (land, building, equipment/furniture) For all the apparent simplicity of this framework, it still establishes a clear hierarchy of parameters: thus, the area of the location (i) Prevailing rate per square feet area and (ii) space utilization 3. Assess Investment The whole exercise is primarily to assess investment and every smart investment provides long-term capital appreciation and immediate, consistent rental yields however while modeling the project we need to have all the facts at our disposal. The prevailing rates of property based on the location chosen Establishment costs will always be significant, with stamp duty, legal and surveying fees and related costs

Unit 5 Individual Project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Unit 5 Individual Project - Essay Example Hospitality sector is one such great opportunity existing within UAE markets which can offer a great opportunity to serve our ready to cook seafood products. Our strategy will be based on the value addition proposition which our products will offer besides offering other health benefits. To be the leading seafood products providers in the International market taking care of the nutritional value of our customers beside providing a less expensive, high quality and fresh sea food products to our customers through value addition. Tourism is considered as the main attraction of the UAE with annual shopping festivals of international stature besides offering a very cheap and more westernize environment to the visitors from Western countries. Our target market will be divided into two groups: First group of consumers will be foreign touring UAE. We aim to serve them with traditional fish products of UAE besides offering customized cooked seafood products which are more in demand in Western Countries thus providing them an experience of second home market as for as serving their taste buds are concerned. Hospitality sector: Both in Dubai and across the country, it is the hospitality sector that is the largest single consumer group of seafood products, with nearly every 5-star hotel hosting a seafood restaurant. Competition in the foodservice segment continues to heat-up, keeping pace with both population and tourism growth (in 2006, Dubais 371 hotels hosted a record 6.5Â  million guests). Gulf Seafood LLC is considered as one of the oldest and largest players in the UAE seafood industry. There is a growing trend within the whole Gulf market that the trends are shifting towards the more health conscious seafood products with many local as well international players are coming into the market to define their own niches. A closer analysis of the competition suggests that there is a need for the company having more experience in serving Western

Ing Vysya Bank Essay Example for Free

Ing Vysya Bank Essay Banking system of a nation is the shadow of nation’s economy. A healthy and profitable banking system is just like the backbone of nation’s economy. It is necessary for a nation to achieve growth and remain stable in this global world and global economy. The Indian banking system, with one of the largest banking networks in the world, has witnessed a series of reforms over the past few years like the deregulation of interest rates, dilution of the government stake in public sector banks (PSBs) and the increased participation of private sector banks. History of Banking System Banking in the modern sense of the word can be traced to medieval and early Renaissance Italy, to the rich cities in the north like Florence, Venice and Genoa. Origin of the word The word bank was borrowed in Middle English from Middle French banque, from Old Italian banca, from Old High German banc, bank bench, counter. Benches were used as desks or exchange counters during the Renaissance by Florentine bankers, who used to make their transactions atop desks covered by green tablecloths. One of the oldest items found showing money-changing activity is a silver Greek drachm coins. Its performance is getting better year by year. It has been crossing a new lap at every year. ING Vysya Bank has a wide variety of products and services which it offers to its customers. The main customer segment belongs to middle age group. It belongs to mainly business class and service class. Majority of the customers are satisfied with the services provided by the bank. Its major competitors include Kotak Mahindra Bank, Yes Bank, IDBI Bank, Karur Vysya Bank and Dhanlakshmi Bank. In short, it can be said that the future of the bank is very bright and the bank is growing at a fast rate.

Towards Higher Learning :: Education Educating Essays

Towards Higher Learning Higher education plays a central role in preparing students to live and work in a society where one out of three Americans will be a member of a racial/ethnic minority and most of the growth in new jobs will require a college degree. What skills do students need to become engaged citizens in the future? According to John Newman’s "The Idea of a University", "It is the education which gives a man a clear conscious view of his own opinions and judgments, a truth in developing them, an eloquence in expressing them, and a force in using them"(49). If the University is the means by which we as individuals raise the intellectual tone of society and cultivate public minds then the question is what should the relationship between society and the universities be in order to reach our student’s highest potential? The special "fruit of education" furnished at a University says Newman, should be the one that makes good members of society (48). The responsibility of universities and colleges becomes an obligation because as social institutions they need to deliver good education, respect of ones ethnicity, equality for women, constructive criticism and intellectual independence in the search for truth. Respect for ones culture or background is important, giving a voice to those gro ups who have not been embraced by our culture. Bell Hooks, "Keeping Close to Home: Class and Education," Recall, her time at college where she felt alienated from her upper-class peers at Stanford. She had difficulty with the university system's exclusivity. So from the start Hooks did not feel that she was included in the university setting. The culture that Hooks embodied were values she received from her working-class background. Societies have always sought to educate their people to be productive and creative, and to satisfy their curiosity and aesthetic impulses. This has only happened when people acquired reliable knowledge and think systematically. Education has appeared in many forms, both formalized and informal. What does it mean? higher learning How do we get it? Is it something that universities can provide or is it Spayde’s definition of education "at a time when change is so swift that the shelf life of technical knowledge is six months(at best)" (58). Jon Spayde believes that "lasting education has always taken place outside of or on the periphery of school(58)" . The phenomenon of technology which affects various areas the economy, the media, etc.

Make an Ethical Referral

UNIT 2 (COVER SHEET 3) MAKING AN ETHICAL REFERRAL 2. 1 Quite often, a counsellor’s role is to assess and refer clients on to more appropriate help. Sometimes a client needs specialist counselling or a different approach and it is up to the counsellor to make this transition as smooth as possible for the client and to manage the process as sensitively as possible. The counsellor needs to take responsibility for making all arrangements but the client should also be empowered. SOURCES FOR REFERRALIts good practice for a counsellor to keep an up to date file of local and national agencies. A network of personal links is also important as it can help to instil a more human/caring element within a potentially anxiety provoking situation. PROCEDURE: The procedure for referrals differs from agency to agency but possible ways of managing this are: * Contact the agency concerned and find out about referral and appointment procedures. Be clear in your own mind, possibly after conferring with the help-seeker, what information you will pass to the agency in any discussion that arises during a telephone call. Contact the agency by telephone whilst the help-seeker is with you so that you can hand over to him to make the appointment after you have made the initial enquiry. * Write a referral letter to the agency. You could send a copy to the client so that he knows the letter has been sent to the agency. You might consider drafting the referral letter with the client so that he/she agrees the content Whatever the process of referral it is a time of contemplation and reflection for all involved.Confidentiality, boundary issues, supervision and adherence to laws/codes of practice need to be taken into account. 2. 3 When you suggest referral the help-seeker needs to understand that this is not a rejection. Many help-seekers have been passed from pillar to post and despair of genuine help being available, so they may feel cynical and/or rejected. It’s also possible t hat, having shown considerable courage to get this far, they feel daunted by approaching someone else and starting all over again.It is important to explain the reason why the referral is necessary and assure the client that their personal information will be help in confidence. The client also needs to be assured that the referral agency are the best placed to further their progress and ultimately that the referral is valid and necessary. 2. 4 When you engage with a client for a number of sessions you have a choice between an immediate (date/time defined) ending and a phased ending. A phased ending can take different forms: * A planned ‘weaning off’ (longer intervals between sessions) * An open door policy Endings with a follow up some weeks/months later Difficulties that clients may have with endings are: * Client is emotionally upset * Client is reluctant to end the sessions * If the ending is abrupt or unexpected * Client breaks the contract and sessions are ended W ithin the endings process you need to draw upon what you know about his/her attitude and experience of endings. For many people it’s a relatively small issue – if they are fairly self-supporting and motivated they probably move on with little regret.For others it’s a much bigger event. A Counsellor needs to ensure to flag that the end is drawing close and to give an opportunity for the client to comment on how he feels about the end. The longer the contact you’ve had, the more time you want to allow for this discussion and the earlier it needs to happen. Although you need to make the time limit clear in the initial contract, both counsellor and client are sure to have feelings about the ending of even short-term work.The extent of feelings probably relate to the intensity of the work and the investment in it by each party. Preparation for the ending should include: * Recognition of where the client is now (positive and negative) * A decision about the rea son for the ending (planned or immediate) * Goodbyes 2. 5 Supervision is an important part of the referral process and should be used to facilitate and explore how the process should be managed, how the client will react and how the counsellor will feel about the ending.I think as a counsellor you should have a prior understanding of how you feel the client will/is reacting to the ending of the helping relationship and the supervisor can draw upon his/her experience as to how the process should be best managed. I think as a counsellor, particularly when the ending has been abrupt or ‘premature’ may experience feelings of inadequacy or failure for not helping the client to overcome their presenting issues. I think a supervisor will be able to empathise and advise on the situation and how to frame it within your mind.The supervisor will advise how to end the relationship in a systematic way as positive as possible. 2. 6 Reasons for referral may be: Because the counsellor: * Has a personality clash with the client * Is out of their depth in terms of professional limits * Lacks experience to help the client further * There are boundary issues with knowing the client/friends of client on a personal basis * The clients issue is triggering issues within the counsellor * There is a clash of beliefs/values/culture that cannot be overlooked in terms of empathy Because the agency: Has time limits/limited sessions * Has a policy complication relating to clients issues * Does not deal with certain areas of counselling Because the client: * Needs/wants a different type of counsellor or other type of care * Has issues around availability/accessibility * Needs/wants a different package of care 2. 7 The BACP guidance relating to ethical referrals are that: * All referrals should be discussed with the client in advance and the client's consent obtained both to making the referral and also to disclosing information to accompany the referral.The referral should benef it the client, all confidential information should be protected during referral and the service/counsellor must be capable. * Prior to accepting a referral a practitioner should ensure that the referral is appropriate, will benefit the client and that the client is consenting. If the referrer is ultimately responsible for the client then they can receive update reports providing the client is consenting